Four different common variations of the lat pull-down were used:

close grip (CG)
supinated grip (SG
wide grip anterior (WGA
wide grip posterior (WGP).

Ten healthy men performed 3 repetitions of the lat pull-down exercise using their experimentally determined 10RM (repetition maximum) weight.

Activity of different muscle groups were measured:

Posterior deltoid (PD)
Latissimus dorsi (LD)
Pectoralis major (PM)
teres major (TM)
long head of the triceps (TLH)

Concentric phase:

LD: WGA > WGP, SG, CG.
TLH: WGA > WGP, SG, CG and WGP > CG, SG.
PD: CG, WGA, SG > WGP.
PM: CG, WGA, SG > WGP.

eccentric phase

LD: WGA > WGP, SG, CG and WGP > CG.
TLH: WGA > SG and CG.
PD: CG > WGA, WGP

“Performance of the lat pull-down exercise using the WGA hand position produces greater muscle activity in the LD than any other hand position during both the concentric or eccentric phases of the movement”

A comparative electromyographical investigation of muscle utilization patterns using various hand positions during the lat pull-down. Signorile JF, Zink AJ, Szwed SP.

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